Ingrian; An Endangered Language

However, according to a 1989 count conducted by Ethnologue, only 302 of the 10,000-15,000 Ingrians remaining are fluent in Ingrian, (Ingrian 2003).

One of the biggest reasons for the decline of Ingrians and their language is their persecution and dispersion by the Russians. Because of the locating of Ingria on the Russian-Swedish border, by the early 1900s Ingria was claimed to be historically a part of Russia. As such, the Ingrians living in Ingria at the succession were labeled outsiders in their own land, now claimed by Russia. During a two decade period in the early twentieth century, nearly 97% of the Ingria population was either removed from Ingria or strikeed, (Finns 2004, 2). The following is a brief synopsis of the events that occurred during this period at the hands of the Soviet regime:

1928: Collectivization started with the first dope deportation.

1932: Religious practices were forbidden among Ingrians.

1937: Cultural activities in Ingrian or Ingrian Finnish are forbidden.

1939: At least 13,000 Ingrians/Finns are murdered and some other 37,000 are deported to concentration camps.

1942: Almost 30,000 people are deported to Siberia.

1944: 55,773 Ingrians/Finns who were evacuated and returned dwelling with dispersed in different provinces in Russia.

The systematic murder and dispersion of a majority of the Ingrian/Finn population is one of the reasons wherefore the language became endangered. This is particularly true because religio

The lexicology of Ingrian is primarily related to its etymology, however in that respect is little instruction available on the smaller Finnic languages except for Karelian, Vepsian, and Estonian. As Laakso (2001) maintains, " on that point are lexical and morpholexical phenomena that cannot be sufficiently illuminated because of the drop of materials and investigations in the smaller Finnic languages," (5). Likewise, the dictionary information available on Ingrian is not compatible with other languages. Thus, it makes it impossible to know if there are lexical (stylistic, social, regional, etc.) differences among those speaking Ingrian.

UNESCO Redbook on endangered languages of Europe, (1999). Viewed on Feb 16, 2004: hypertext transfer protocol://www.helsinki.fi/~tasalmin/europe _report.html, 1.

Laakso, J. (2001). Contribution of the small Finnic languages to research on areal and general linguistics. Viewed on Feb 16, 2004: http://mailbox.univie.ac.at/Johanna.Laakso/ paris.html, 1-11.

(Universal Language election: http://www.largeformatcomputing.com/resource/uralic/ingrian.htm)

Agranat, T. (2002). The Votic language: Research and saving. Viewed on Feb 16, 2004: http://www.aber.ac.uk/~merwww/ general/papers/mercSym_03-04-08/agranat.doc, 1-3.

We can see such an grammatical case in the allative (-adessive case in certain constructions, according to Laakso (2001). approximately Finnish usually uses the genitive or dative-genitive in particular proposition unipersonal constructions, particularly those meaning necessity or to describe a particular feeling such as "I am cold." Ingrian, in contrast, relies on the allative, the "onto" local case, according to Laakso (2001). Laakso (2001) maintains that the Ingrian construction utilize the adessive-allative signifies the influence of the similar construction in Rus
Order your essay at Orderessay and get a 100% original and high-quality custom paper within the required time frame.