It is founded on the basic idea that the exploitation of firms companionship-based assets across national boundaries is often most efficiently undertaken internally within the hierarchic structure of the multinational enterprise (MNE). Internalization theory has not been without its critics, notably by proponents of the evolutionary theory of the firm (Kogut and Zander, 1993). We believe that much of this criticism is misplaced, but that nevertheless the extant literature on internalization theory has concentrate too much on imperfections in the external markets for companionship transfer. We argue below that not enough attention has been wedded to both the nature and the significance of the transactions costs associated with the internal transfer of knowledge and to some of the underlying assumptions of the theory. In particular, we wish to suggest both promising lines of future research. The first... If you want to get a total essay, order it on our website: Orderessay
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